Season 2 Episode 2 ending. This scene gave me chills thought I'd create a GIF and share.


 

  Watch 13 Reasons Why on Netflix here.

13 Reasons Why is a High School drama revolving around a girl Hannah who commits suicide after a series of unfortunate events.
Hannah leaves series of tapes describing how she felt and did what she did.

This post is a progression to previous post Java Programming Basics to Brilliance Part 2.


Before we make things complicated lets first get to know what is an array and how we can use it.

Quoting from Google,

In Java, an array is an object which holds a specified number of similar number, strings or objects. This depends on the type of array you are making.
The size of an array is set when it is initialized.
For e.g.
 int listOfNumbers[] = {1,2,3,12,2};

This is one way of making an array with values in it.
Now recall how everything in Java is nothing but an object. Considering that you can also make a blank array as follows:

String myHeroes[] = new String[5];

Now the above line of code initialized a blank array of String type of length 5.
Note that this array is of type String, so you cannot feed values other than String into it.
Let's feed some values into this array.

myHeroes[0] = "Lanaya";
myHeroes[1] = "Lina";
myHeroes[2] = "Rylai";
myHeroes[3] = "Mercurial";
myHeroes[4] = "Lyralei";

Now that we have an array of numbers listOfNumbers and an array of string myHeroes now obviously if we want to make use of this array we need a way to access these values. 
To do that we loop through the array and do whatever we want accordingly.
But before we loop through an array take note of how the length of array myHeroes is 5 but we added values up to myHeroes[4] only. This is simply because array index starts from 0 not 1 and that makes the size of array as 5.

To further clear up the confusion you can use arrayName.length; to find out the length of the array.
For e.g.

         System.out.println(myHeroes.length);


Now back to looping.
The simplest and easy to understand form of loop is a for loop. And once you understand for loop there another version of it called foreach loop which is really handy and saves lots of confusion.

for loop

for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
            System.out.println(i);
}

This simple loop will print numbers 1 to 9. How?

You can see the above for loop defined as follows

for(initial values; condition checking; update){
//loop body that executes if condition check is true
}

Now the update part of for loop need not necessarily be increment only. You can instead decrease the values, divide, multiply etc.
Rest should be pretty much self explanatory.
Lets use this loop to print the list of heroes we made.

         for(int i=0; i<myHeroes.length; i++){
            System.out.println(myHeroes[i]);
}

Collection.

Collection are a way for storing objects in Java.
Collection provide necessary features which help in ordered storage of data and easier manipulation of the same.
There are various collection interfaces in Java predefined and you can create you own collection as well.
Namely, there is
List,
ArrayList, Vector,
Queue,
LinkedList, PriorityQueue,
Set,
Sorted Set, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashSet,
Map,
HashTable, HashMap, LinkedHashMap, and TreeMap.

Various Collections

Various Map Collection

Unless you are giving some exam there is no absolute need for remembering all the names.
For the sake of this tutorial and get going with Java Programming I will be using just the ArrayList with reference of List collection and might cover others in future.

Consider the program below:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ListExample {




public static void main(String[] args) {

List<Dog> dogsList = new ArrayList<Dog>();

String dogName;

int dogId;

for(int i=0; i<10; i++){

dogName = "Dog"+Integer.toString(i);

dogId = i;

dogsList.add(new Dog(dogId, dogName));

}

for (Dog dog : dogsList) {

System.out.println(dog.getDogId());
System.out.println(dog.getDogName());

}

}

}

This post is a progression to previous post here.

Let's get our hands dirty with Java Application Development. By the end of this course you will be able to understand and code in Java programming language. We will also be making some real life application which I haven't yet decided.

I usually don't like the world of SEO and marketing, reason being anyone with enough money to throw can make absurd things popular. Have you seen useless Facebook pages with little to no updates but an immense audience, websites with great Alexa rank and traffic yet no useful content, celebrity pages with ridiculous likes and followers. It all happens in the backyard of the Internet. It's all like a surface of Deep Web. Okay I went too far. But I hope you get the idea.

So I am here to disclose something which people think is long dead. Backlinks.
If you are into SEO and or have been into it before you must be aware of how Google penalizes pages with weird backlink activity and they even hide the keywords details now.
They restricted ways to hack into search results. And I think it was all for good and still is. It significantly improves the search results and you are less likely to wander among useless websites. Simply the search results are more dependent on Domain Authority, value and it's previous content.
But recently I happen to realize backlinks and keywords aren't really dead.
You still have chance to trick your way into top Google results.
Apparent Question how?



Let me just go through an example which I have witnessed with some website I won't disclose. Let's call it Example.com

Steps we followed:

1. Site being completely new.
   No previous registration of the domain either.
2. Selecting a niche.
   This took longer time than one would normally expect. We went through numerous topics and it was really difficult to chose one. Then how did we do it? We did and extensive research on random topics using keywords tools like aherf or you can use Adwords Keywords Planner.
3.  Blogging.
   I think it's pretty obvious step. Blogging is the easiest possible way into the Google Search results. But we did not just start writing anything. We did a preper keyword research to find keywords with low competition yet high search volumes. This can be done for free using Google Adwords. 
4. Creating Backlinks.
   This is one part you have to be careful with. You do not go berserk buying random backlinks to your blog or website. You need just a minor amount yet quality link backs. Hence the phrase Quality over Quantity. How? What ever you are targeting through you website just go through similar websites and blogs and leave a genuine comment and hope they have do follow link back. Don't waste time checking whether some site has do follow link. The objective is to just leave in the comments. Whether it's do follow or not, you will still benefit a little from it.

People still do it, and they will continue to do it. There is no possible way to stop exploitation of this. After all you cannot expect all the rain without a little mud.

SQL stands for Structured Query Language. SQL is used to access and modify the data in a database.
All dynamic web applications and websites make use of a database and only way to access these database is through SQL.
Now practically what happens is that a programming language passes an SQL command which returns the result which is further processed for viewing.

Demo of what we are making here Post it! Chatroom

Let's cut the theory and move to practical.

Objective: We will be making a small PHP website(chat room) using the SQL commands to feed and fetch the details. I will leave the lessons of PHP for some other day, in fact I'm myself in the learning phase as well.

Part 1. Database and SQL installation.

If you wish to run a database on your local machine follow this link.
I recommend using an online service for practicing. 000webhost is free and provides you everything.
For this tutorial I will be using 000webhost so that the project I end up with will be public for demo.

Setting up a Database and SQL always involves

1. Creating a database. 
2. Defining a user and granting him privileges to modify the database we created in step 1.

Part 2: Basic SQL commands.

These are some basic SQL commands that will come in handy, always.

Creating a database: SQL>create database myDB
You don't need this command when using Oracle. We simply create tables in Oracle and use them.

Creating a table: SQL>create table myTable(column1 number(8), column2 varchar2(20));
The above command results in a table of name myTable with two columns. First column will accept values only of type number that too of size upto 8 and column2 will accept value of type varchar which can take any number or character or combination of both.

In case you need to modify the table you just made, following command will be helpful 

alter table tableName add columnName datatype;

alter table tableName drop column columnName;

alter table tableName modify columnName datatype;

alter table tableName rename column oldName to newName;

rename yourtable to mytable;

Inserting data into the table.

insert into tableName values(87, 'hello');

In case you want to change a value you have previously entered.
update mytable set uname='abhay' where uid=123;

Use where clause to narrow your search to specific data.
Like wise there are just too many commands and that would just complicate things for a beginner.

Part 3: PHP website using SQL

Let's get our hands dirty by making an actual application that uses database and SQL.
Objective here is to make a small website that will let anyone post a message to it and it would be visible to everyone.

To explain it like you're 5 year old.

I will make a table which will have a serial number like 1,2,3 and so on and a data associated with each number.

1. I just made this up.
2. Some text here.
3. Well yea again.

Firstly I will make a database and grant privileges to a user to modify this database. Luckily 000webhost provides a very simple way to do this.



To make this type of table I will run the command

SQL>CREATE TABLE `posts` ( `serial` INT NOT NULL , `content` LONGTEXT NOT NULL );

But unfortunately it wasn't as easy as it may look. I used phpMyAdmin to generate my SQL command which was

CREATE TABLE `id1132423_post`.`post` ( `serial` INT NOT NULL , `content` LONGTEXT NOT NULL ) ENGINE = InnoDB;

Now we will test the working of our database by inserting some dummy content.
For this I will use the Insert tab in phpMyAdmin and preview the SQL command and note it.

Now the SQL was generated as

SQL>INSERT INTO `post` (`serial`, `content`) VALUES ('1', 'Hello World!\r\nThis is blog.');




Now I will be executing the likes of above SQL command through my PHP page.

Now let's make a PHP file and make a connection to the database.

For this I will need following details,

1. database host name, usually localhost. .
2. database name, whatever you chose earlier, in case of 000webhost it can be found in settings.
3. database user,
4. database password for that user.

then make a file by the name index.php
 and put following code in it

<html>
<head>
<title>Post it!</title>
</head>
<body style="background-color:#efefef; font-family:monospace;">
<h1 style="text-align:center;">Post it!</h1>
<?php
 $db = mysqli_connect('localhost','databaseUser','password','databaseName')
 or die('Error connecting to MySQL server.');
$query  = 'SELECT * FROM post ORDER BY timestamp DESC LIMIT 20';

mysqli_query($db, $query) or die('Error querying database.');
?>

<form action="post.php" method="post" align="center">
            <input type="text" name="id" placeholder="enter a number(optional)" />
            <input type="text" name="content" placeholder="enter a text"/>
            <input type="submit" value="submit" onclick="test()" />
</form>
<?php
$result = mysqli_query($db, $query);

while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result))
{
echo "<table align="."center".">";
    echo "<tr>";
    echo "<td>$row[0]</td>";
    echo "<td>$row[1]</td><br/>";
    echo "</tr>\n";
echo "</table>";
}
mysqli_close($db);
?>
</body>
</html>

This file makes a call to post.php

Make another file and save it with following content as post.php

<?php
$sContent = $_POST['content'];
$db = mysqli_connect('localhost','databaseUser','password','databaseName')
 or die('Error connecting to MySQL server.');
$query = "INSERT INTO `post` (`id`, `content`, `timestamp`) VALUES (NULL, '".$sContent."', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)";
mysqli_query($db, $query) or die('Error querying database.');
mysqli_close($db);
header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']);
?>


I made post.s2pd.com with just these code.
It is kind of chat room. I will be covering the break down of PHP code in another post.
Go experiment.

Update: I have made this project available on Github here.

If you are new to the programming world HTML is something you should start from. HTML is not really a programming language though but getting to know it is a must have for anyone who wishes to make web applications.



This (not so)little guide/tutorial will cover most of the HTML and CSS and a little bit of HTML5 which would be more than enough to get you started with web development.

Lets start with complete basics.

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.

Headings Tag: